Ice fishing in Maine is a cherished winter activity, but safety should always be your top priority. Understanding ice conditions and following essential safety guidelines can prevent accidents and ensure an enjoyable experience. Here are key ice fishing safety tips to keep in mind, based on information from the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife:
1. Assess Ice Color and Thickness
Before venturing onto the ice, evaluate its color and thickness:
- Blue to Clear Ice: Indicates high density and strength. However, avoid ice less than 4 inches thick, as it is unsafe for any activity.
- Light Gray to Dark Black Ice: Signifies melting ice, which is weak regardless of air temperature. Avoid this ice entirely.
- White to Opaque Ice: Consists of water-saturated snow that has frozen, forming a weaker layer. Exercise caution on this type of ice.
Always measure ice thickness in multiple locations using an ice chisel, auger, or cordless drill. Remember, ice seldom freezes uniformly; it may be a foot thick in one spot and only an inch or two just a few feet away. (source)
2. Recognize Safe Ice Thickness Guidelines
Follow these general guidelines for new, clear ice:
- 4 inches: May be safe for ice fishing or other activities on foot.
- 5-7 inches: Normally suitable for snowmobiles or ATVs.
- 8-12 inches: Often supports a car or small pickup truck.
- 12-15 inches: Will likely accommodate a medium-sized truck.
Note that these guidelines apply to new, clear ice. Ice formed over flowing water and currents is often dangerous. Always exercise caution and assess each situation individually. (source)
3. Carry Essential Safety Equipment
Equip yourself with the following safety gear:
- Ice Picks or Awls: Crucial for self-rescue if you fall through the ice. They can help you grip the ice and pull yourself out.
- Rope: Useful for rescuing others or for others to assist you.
- Personal Flotation Device (PFD): Wearing a life jacket can provide buoyancy and increase survival chances if you break through the ice.
- Whistle: A whistle can be used to signal for help in case of an emergency.
Always inform someone about your fishing location and expected return time. (source)
4. Dress Appropriately
Wear multiple layers of warm clothing, including a waterproof outer layer, to protect against cold temperatures and wind. Insulated, waterproof boots with non-slip soles are essential to prevent frostbite and slips. Additionally, wearing a hat and gloves can help maintain body heat. (source)
5. Be Aware of Changing Conditions
Ice conditions can change rapidly due to weather fluctuations. Warmer temperatures, snow cover, and currents can weaken ice. Always check the forecast and be prepared to adjust your plans accordingly. Remember, no ice is 100% safe; continuous vigilance is necessary. (source)
6. Know How to React if You Fall Through
If you fall through the ice:
- Stay Calm: Try to control your breathing and avoid panicking.
- Turn Towards the Direction You Came From: The ice is likely stronger where you previously walked.
- Use Ice Picks to Pull Yourself Out: Spread your arms on the ice and kick your legs to help propel yourself onto the ice.
- Roll Away from the Hole: Once out, roll away to distribute your weight until you reach solid ice.
- Seek Medical Attention: Hypothermia can set in quickly; get warm and dry and seek professional medical care immediately.
Understanding self-rescue techniques can save your life. (source)
7. How to Rescue Someone Else
If someone else falls through and you are the only one around, call 911 for help. If you lack a phone, seek assistance. Avoid approaching the hole edge to prevent further accidents. Refrain from risking your life to save pets or animals. Act swiftly but cautiously if someone falls through the ice.
- PREACH – Shout to the victim to encourage them to fight to survive and reassure them that help is on the way.
- REACH – If you can safely reach the victim from shore, extend an object such as a rope, ladder, or jumper cables to the victim. If the person starts to pull you in, release your grip on the object and start over.
- THROW – Toss one end of a rope or something that will float to the victim. Have them tie the rope around themselves before they are too weakened by the cold to grasp it.
- ROW – Find a light boat to push across the ice ahead of you. Push it to the edge of the hole, get into the boat and pull the victim in over the bow. It’s not a bad idea to attach some rope to the boat, so others can help pull you and the victim to safety.
- GO – A non-professional should not go out on the ice to perform a rescue unless all other basic rescue techniques have been ruled out.
Knowing how to safely assist someone else can prevent further tragedy. Never attempt a rescue if it puts your own life at risk. (source)
8. Fish with a Companion
Bringing a friend not only enhances the experience but also adds a layer of safety. In emergencies, a companion can provide immediate assistance or go for help. (source)
We recommend reading the full article on ice fishing safety from the Maine Department of Fish and Wildlife. See here.
Looking for ice fishing equipment? Look no further. Maine Sport Outfitters has everything you need! Shop in-store for full selection or see our online gear.